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PHP / each — DevDocs

each

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)

each — Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance the array cursor

Warning

This function has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 7.2.0, and REMOVED as of PHP 8.0.0. Relying on this function is highly discouraged.

Description 

each(array|object &$array): array

Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance the array cursor.

After each() has executed, the array cursor will be left on the next element of the array, or past the last element if it hits the end of the array. You have to use reset() if you want to traverse the array again using each.

Parameters

array

The input array.

Return Values

Returns the current key and value pair from the array array . This pair is returned in a four-element array, with the keys 0 , 1 , key , and value . Elements 0 and key contain the key name of the array element, and 1 and value contain the data.

If the internal pointer for the array points past the end of the array contents, each() returns false .

Examples

Example #1 each() examples 

<?php
$foo = array("bob", "fred", "jussi", "jouni", "egon", "marliese");
$bar = each($foo);
print_r($bar);
?>

$bar now contains the following key/value pairs: 

Array
(
    [1] => bob
    [value] => bob
    [0] => 0
    [key] => 0
)

<?php
$foo = array("Robert" => "Bob", "Seppo" => "Sepi");
$bar = each($foo);
print_r($bar);
?>

$bar now contains the following key/value pairs: 

Array
(
    [1] => Bob
    [value] => Bob
    [0] => Robert
    [key] => Robert
)

each() is typically used in conjunction with list() to traverse an array, here's an example:

Example #2 Traversing an array with each() 

<?php
$fruit = array('a' => 'apple', 'b' => 'banana', 'c' => 'cranberry');

reset($fruit);
while (list($key, $val) = each($fruit)) {
    echo "$key => $val\n";
}
?>

The above example will output: 

a => apple
b => banana
c => cranberry
Caution

Because assigning an array to another variable resets the original array's pointer, our example above would cause an endless loop had we assigned $fruit to another variable inside the loop.

Warning

each() will also accept objects, but may return unexpected results. It's therefore not recommended to iterate though object properties with each() .

See Also

  • key() - Fetch a key from an array
  • list() - Assign variables as if they were an array
  • current() - Return the current element in an array
  • reset() - Set the internal pointer of an array to its first element
  • next() - Advance the internal pointer of an array
  • prev() - Rewind the internal array pointer
  • foreach
  • Object Iteration
PHP / end — DevDocs

end

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

end — Set the internal pointer of an array to its last element

Description 

end(array|object &$array): mixed

end() advances array 's internal pointer to the last element, and returns its value.

Parameters

array

The array. This array is passed by reference because it is modified by the function. This means you must pass it a real variable and not a function returning an array because only actual variables may be passed by reference.

Return Values

Returns the value of the last element or false for empty array.

Changelog

Version Description
8.1.0 Calling this function on object s is deprecated. Either use get_mangled_object_vars() on the object first, or use ArrayIterator .

Examples

Example #1 end() example 

<?php

$fruits = array('apple', 'banana', 'cranberry');
echo end($fruits); // cranberry

?>

See Also

  • current() - Return the current element in an array
  • each() - Return the current key and value pair from an array and advance the array cursor
  • prev() - Rewind the internal array pointer
  • reset() - Set the internal pointer of an array to its first element
  • next() - Advance the internal pointer of an array
  • array_key_last() - Gets the last key of an array
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